{"id":15138,"date":"2024-05-20T10:22:42","date_gmt":"2024-05-20T03:22:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/appmvn.com\/?p=15138"},"modified":"2024-05-21T23:34:07","modified_gmt":"2024-05-21T16:34:07","slug":"the-future-of-construction-management","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/appmvn.com\/vi\/the-future-of-construction-management\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch trong giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Khi ch\u00fang ta h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u0111ang n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u1eb1m c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/strong><\/a>, trao quy\u1ec1n cho b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n, b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\r\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/h2>\r\n

Ng\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111ang \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111ang l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\r\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh (BIM):<\/h3>\r\n

BIM l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3D mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, t\u1ea1o ra h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u1ea3o c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u00f2a nh\u00e0. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y t\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u2013 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, MEP (c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, \u0111i\u1ec7n, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc) \u2013 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\r\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng BIM:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

* C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac s\u01b0, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u.
\r\n* Gi\u1ea3m l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1edbm c\u00e1c xung \u0111\u1ed9t.
\r\n* T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a v\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.
\r\n* T\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\r\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c: <\/strong><\/p>\r\n

M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng BIM \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh BIM cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c xung \u0111\u1ed9t ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n gi\u1eefa h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7.<\/p>\r\n

Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1ea3o (VR) v\u00e0 Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng (AR) trong X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng:<\/h3>\r\n

VR v\u00e0 AR l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u1eadp vai mang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00fa v\u1ecb cho vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\r\n

VR: Tai nghe VR t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.
\r\nAR: AR ph\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 l\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00ednh AR \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh BIM t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\r\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a VR\/AR:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

* N\u00e2ng cao h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.
\r\n* C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.
\r\n* T\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\r\n\r\n

\"Building
X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n\r\n
\r\n

X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng: V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xanh h\u01a1n cho m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tinh xanh h\u01a1n<\/h2>\r\n

Ng\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. T\u1eeb khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tinh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra. T\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ngo\u1ea1i vi n\u1eefa; n\u00f3 \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\r\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xanh. Nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y m\u1edf ra con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xanh, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o ra.<\/p>\r\n

S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y: Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1, c\u00e1t v\u00e0 g\u1ed7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng, x\u00f3i m\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, t\u1ea1o th\u00eam m\u1ed9t g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\r\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xanh cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch:<\/p>\r\n